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Clearwater Paper Mill

A Scheduled Monument in Trellech United (Tryleg Unedig), Monmouthshire (Sir Fynwy)

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Coordinates

Latitude: 51.7577 / 51°45'27"N

Longitude: -2.6806 / 2°40'50"W

OS Eastings: 353116

OS Northings: 206774

OS Grid: SO531067

Mapcode National: GBR JM.0DDH

Mapcode Global: VH877.H26W

Entry Name: Clearwater Paper Mill

Scheduled Date: 18 November 2003

Source: Cadw

Source ID: 3981

Cadw Legacy ID: MM294

Schedule Class: Industrial

Category: Mill

Period: Post Medieval/Modern

County: Monmouthshire (Sir Fynwy)

Community: Trellech United (Tryleg Unedig)

Traditional County: Monmouthshire

Description

The monument consists of the remains of a mill, a factory used for processing raw materials. Clearwater Mill was established in about 1760, making it the earliest paper mill in the Wye Valley and may have been built on the site of an earlier wireworks. The paper mill was in operation until about 1875, after this at least four papermills were built along the White Brook, which was a clean and reliable water source. The location was ideal as moulds were produced from locally made wire and Bristol was not far by boat, providing rags and a market for paper. The local mills benefited from the new demand for wallpaper in the late 18th century. Clearwater mill was supplied with water power from a dam and millrace, and later by a steam engine and a water turbine. The original machinery may have been largely Hollander beaters supplying hand-operated moulds and presses, but Fourdrinier-type continuous processes were introduced in the early 19th century. The remains include the millrace, two-storey mill building, chimney, culverts, and the platforms of buildings.

The monument is of national importance for its potential to enhance our knowledge of manufacturing techniques and processes. It retains significant archaeological potential, with a strong probability of the presence of associated archaeological features and deposits. The structure itself may be expected to contain archaeological information concerning chronology and building techniques. The scheduled area comprises the remains described and areas around them within which related evidence may be expected to survive.

Source: Cadw

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